Init file or a pfile
A PFILE is a traditional text based init.ora parameter file. Typically this resides on the server in the $ORACLE_BASE/admin/SID/pfile directory, with a symbolic link pointing to it from the $ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory. In addition, a DBA may keep copies of this file on their local PC to allow remote startup:SQL> CONNECT sys/password AS SYSDBA SQL> STARTUP PFILE=C:\init_instance_name.ora
A PFILE is necessary in order to create a SPFILE to enable persistent initialization parameters.
If you already have a SPFILE, a PFILE can be generated from it using one of the following:
CREATE PFILE FROM SPFILE; CREATE PFILE FROM SPFILE = 'production.ora'; CREATE PFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init_instance.ora' FROM SPFILE; CREATE PFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init_instance.ora' FROM SPFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init_instance.ora';
A SPFILE is created from a PFILE using one of the following commands:
SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init_instance.ora'; SQL> CREATE SPFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/my_spfile.ora' FROM PFILE = '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init_instance.ora';
pfile or spfile?
SELECT DECODE(value, NULL, 'PFILE', 'SPFILE') "Init File Type" FROM sys.v_$parameter WHERE name = 'spfile';
Change SGA
SYS@etest> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 264241152 bytes Fixed Size 1301408 bytes Variable Size 216540256 bytes Database Buffers 46137344 bytes Redo Buffers 262144 bytes SYS@etest> alter system set sga_target=250M scope=both; System altered. SYS@etest> alter database mount; Database altered. SYS@etest> alter database open; Database altered.
In 11g,memory are managed by the memory_target and memory_max_target parameters.
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